Piston for internal-combustion engines



May 19, 1925- 1,538,874 C. R, SHORT PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION mamas File a 18, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.3

Q/flnessesr c/nverZ/ofi $451940 (3 MwMM May 19, 1925- j 1,538,874

c. R. SHORT PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES F le a 18. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I, II 6 4..

Patented May 19, 1925.

UNITED STATES CHARLES R. SHORT, OF DAYTON, 0310, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL MOTORS RESEARCH PATENT OFFICE.

'CORPORATION, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

rrs'ron non INTERNAL-contention ENGINES.

Application filed January 18,1922. Serial No. 530,186.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARpns R. SHdRT, a subject of the King ofGrea-t Britain, residing at Dayton, county of Montgomery,

and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistons for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is,a full, clear, and exact description.

The present invention relates to piston construction and in the preferred embodiment, which has been chosen for the purpose of description and illustration, relates to the construction of pistons especially adapted for use in internal combustion engines.

Among the objects of the invention is to eliminate certain harmful effects caused by heating of "the pistons.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred form of embodiment of the pres ent invention is clearly shown.

Inthe drawings: V

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a form of piston embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the cap member shown in Fig. 1.-

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the cast tion of the piston of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail v1ew of the piston of Fig. 1. I

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectlon of another p1ston embodying the invention.

Fig. 6 is a view, from the bottom, of the cast portion of the piston of Fig. 5.

Fig 7 is a vertical sectlon through still anotherform' of piston embodying the in? vention.

Fig. Sis a view of the cast element, shown in Fig. 7 from the bottom, and

Fig. 9 is a plan view of Fig. 7.

In the drawings, the pistons illustrated as embodying the invention are shown as comprising two main portions, a casting 15, of iron or other suitable metal carrying a skirt portion, and a cap member or head 16, of sheet metal such as sheet steel, covering the up er portion of casting and suitably afiixed thereto.

The casting 15 is in each case provided with piston pin bosses 2O suitably -drilled,

por-

and a depending skirt portion 21 provided upon its outer periphery with grooves 22 for suitable piston rings.

This casting 15 preferably does not extend above the bosses although such an extension, even to casting a complete head adapted to fit within the cap 16 and support the same internally is not without the purview of the invention.

Castin interior flange 23 to add strength thereto.

The cap' member or head 16 may be drawn. or spun from sheet metal and is adapted to' fit over the upper end of member 15 extending to a point below the bosses 20 and just above the grooves 22 and be sufficiently strong to withstand the pressures thereon.

Cap member 16- is adapted to be secured v to member 15in any suitable fashion and three different methods have been illustrated.

In Fig. 1, the cap 16 is provided with internal threads 25 at its bottom ada ted to coact. with threads 26 upon a ring 2 set in a suitable groove 28 in member 15. This ring may be split and sprung over the member 15 or may be in two or more parts for convenience, and is provided with any suitable means for preventing its rotation during the operation of screwing on the cap 16. One such means is indicated in Fig. 1, by a slot 29 for the insertion of a spanner wrench.

In Fig. 5 the cap 16 is shown as being retained in place by having its lower edge spun into-a suitable groove in the member 15. In this form of piston, holes 36 are provided in the cap '16 corresponding with the holes in the bosses 20 so that the piston pin may be inserted after assembly of the cap 16 and member 15.

In Fig. 7, the cap 16 is shown as provided with depressions 40 suitably drilled at 41 to receive bolts or screws 42, adapted to pass therethrough and through the bosses 20 and into the piston pin indicated at 43. These screws 42 serve to hold both the ca and the piston pin in place.

15 may also be provided with an In the forms shown in Figs. 1 and 5 the piston pin may also be positioned by means of a set screw and a passage for greater thereof; 20

ton rings adapted toprevent leakage past the piston may be placed upon that ortion of the piston where they will be su jectetl to the. least heating efi'ect and consequently havellittle or no tendency to stick.

Other advantages of the 'present form of piston will be readily apparent to .those skilled in the art.

Now, while the form of mechanism herein shown and. described constitutes a preferred form -1of 'embodiment of the present invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scopeof the claims which follow.

What I claim i as follows:

1. A piston comprising a sheet metal member adapted to form a head and the portion of the cylindrical sides a cast member provided with piston pin bosses in a restricted end portion Ehereof, which end portion is adapted to t with peripheral grooves at its other and unrestricted end and means for securing said sheet metal member over the restricted end portion of said cast member, with the head portion thereof spaced apart from the upper extremity of saidcast member, so

that the' cylindricalsides of said sheet metal member serve as the sole support for said peripheral packing ring grooves at its other and unrestricted end, located between said piston pin bosses and said packing ring grooves; a threaded ring arranged within said last mentioned groove and with the threads of which corresponding threads at the lower end of the cylindri 45 cal portion of said sheet metal member engage; the head portion of said sheet metal member being spaced apart from the upper extremity of said cast member, so that the or serve as the sole support for said head. In testimony whereof I hereto aifix my signature.

'oHAs. R. SHORT Witnesses: GEO. E. PASCO,

WM. P. PASCO.

provided with pisand with a groove 40- cylindrical sides of said sheet metal memwithin the first member, and is provided b 

